ICRP Publication 157, 国際放射線防護委員会レポート No.157: 診断と治療における患者の放射線防護における倫理,9781036212353,978-1-03-621235-3
ICRP Publication 157: Ethics in Radiological Protection for Patients in Diagnosis and Treatment
数量
Description
· In order to establish a common ground and to pave the way for an ethically based analysis of practical situations, the values of biomedical ethics and those identified in Publication 138 (ICRP, 2018a) are paired: autonomy is linked to dignity, beneficence to non-maleficence, precaution to prudence, solidarity to justice, honesty to transparency and accountability, and empathy to inclusiveness. These values are defined and interpreted in relation to biomedical ethics, professional codes of ethics, and the practice of medicine.
· Professionals working in radiological protection in medicine are expected to adhere to the code of ethics of their regulatory and professional bodies, and to that of their employer, which may include values of accountability, transparency, safety, and patient-centredness.
· Everyone in the diverse groups of relevant stakeholders in health care is responsible for assuring strong shared radiological protection and ethical values. Each target group needs to be empowered and educated to ensure that patients are imaged and treated correctly.
· Radiation dose estimates should be recorded in a patient’s medical record. Patients should have access to the doses they receive, and have the dose explained, just as they have access to records for all their care. The degree and approach of dose, benefit, and risk communication depend on the needs and cultural background of each patient and family, which are explored in shared decision-making.
· Risks should be defined explicitly as those that are known with certainty, those that are potential, and those where there is uncertainty in the scientific community (or that are not yet fully understood).
· A method for analysing real or hypothetical situations from an ethical perspective is proposed. It consists of reviewing the conformity and non-conformity of a situation in terms of paired ethical values. This highlights the strengths and weaknesses of a situation, and thus makes it easier to identify what could be improved. The method can be used retroactively in a pedagogical setting, but also proactively to solve a problem in progress.
関連商品
-
ICRP Publication 159: Radiological Protection in Surface and Near-surface Disposal of Solid Radioactive Waste
-
ICRP Publication 156: Paediatric Mesh-type Reference Computational Phantoms
-
ICRP Publication 158: Dose Coefficients for Intakes of Radionuclides by Members of the Public: Part 1
-
ICRP Publication 154: Optimisation of Radiological Protection in Digital Radiology Techniques for Medical Imaging
-
ICRP Publication 155: Specific Absorbed Fractions for Reference Paediatric Individuals